Jews, Church, & Civilization I

300 BCE: The ABACUS

itself, he would have prevailed. The weight of the evidence is, indeed, on that side of the argument. However, Hannibal paused, and Rome would not be caught vulnerable again for a long time.
Several Italian city–states hitherto aligned with Rome, did defect to the Carthaginian side, however. They would ultimately regret that decision.
210 BCE: XIAN

Emperor Qin Shi dies. Buried next to his mausoleum in the Shaanxi Province of China is the Xian necropolis (meaning “city of the dead”), 8,000 life–size terra cotta replicas of Qin’s army.

Xian vies with Egypt’s pyramids as the preeminent (surviving) man–made “wonder of the Ancient World.”

The 8,000 clay replicas—in formation and in battle dress with weaponry and chariots—are believed to have taken 700,000 workers and craftsmen 38 years to complete.

The figurines, with an average height of about 6’ 2.5,” are actually about 25 percent bigger than the actual size of the local humans at the time.

Each figure has a unique expression and facial details. The figures vary in height, uniform and hairstyle in accordance with rank.

The clay battalions were discovered in 1974 subsequent to some pottery–fragment discoveries by a local farmer.

190–120 BCE: HIPPARCHUS

Greece: One of the great astronomers of antiquity. He

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