1967 CE: STEPHEN BIRMINGHAM WRITES OUR CROWD

–a chronicle of the illustrious and prominent (heavily Ashkenazic) Eastern Seaboard (primarily New York) Jewish families of the 19th and early 20th century.

As of 2007 there have been 14 editions of the fascinating (Harper & Row) book.

As noted, the term Ashkenazic means – of Western European origin. Originally (in the Middle Ages) it was a more focused term, delineating very specifically, German or French extraction.

In 1997, Birmingham issued The Grandees: America’s Sephardic Elite.

As noted, the term Sephardic is a somewhat blurred term. The Sephardim traversed from Spain (1492) > across the Mediterranean and the Arabian Peninsula and outwards to the far corners of the world over several hundred years > then, have double–backed back to Israel and France – in the past several hundred years, but in the last 60 years, in particular. A large contingent migrated to America, of course.